Improvement in door-locks



g anni (saar.

aient ddiiiil WILLIAM H. ANDREWS, CF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNCR TO 'BURI- TON MALL'CRY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 101,564, dated April 5, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN DOORLOCKS- The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. ANDREWS, of New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement in Door-Locks; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken iu connection with the accompanying y drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to` be a Vfullclear, and exact description of the same, Vand which said drawings constitute part ot' this speciticatiomand represent in Figure- 1, the lower 0r lock part of the case, showing the internal mechanism; Figure 2, the key;

Figure 3, the master-key;

Figure 4, the bolt detached;

Figure 5, a section of the bolt on line a; x;

Figure (i, a perspective view of the tumbler-s looking from the reverse side;

Figure 7,- a plan of the same Figure 8, a plan illustrating the action of the tumblers with the key; and in Figure 9, the same, illustrating the action of' the tumblers with the master-key.

This Vinvention relates to an improvement in locks, chiefly that class known as hotel-locks, or wherc many doors are required to be locked with did'erent keys, "and yet-so as to be unlocked bya single key.

In order to do this, this vclass of locks hashereto fore been constructed in such manner that what is ,termed aV skeleton key would unlock the several doors, thus necessitating a very simple construction of the lock, and such that the bolt may be drawn by almost any instrument ,which can be inserted into the lock. Hence the security ot such locks is very slight.

The object of my invention is the construction of a lock, so that, while the several locks may be opened each with its own particular key, all may be opened bya Single master-key, and the lock provided with tumblers, sutlicient to make all the locks secure against ordinary appliances. To thisend,

My invention consist-s Vin constructing the lockwith one or more movable tumblers, one or more of which tumblcrs are provided with two slips, through either of which the guard on vthe bolt will pass, and so that the regular key will operate. the tumbler, and the bolt will be thrown through one slip, and the masterkey will operate to throw the bolt through the second slip.

A is the case, constructed to receive the latch-bolt, in the usual manner, here represented as inclosing only thelock-bolt B, the latch part being no part of this invention.

The lock-bolt'is constructed as seen in figs. 4 and 5.- The tail of thebolt is of the usual form, but is provided with 'one or more guards, here represented as i four, and numbered l 2 3 4, the guards raised on the surface of the holt, as seen in fig. 5.

Four tumblers are also employed, represented in figs.' 6 and 7,*as'5 6 v7 S, the said tumbler-s being pivoted on the lock 'at C, and arranged with springs D, so as to lie uponthe lock-bolt in the usual manner.

- One or more oi" the said tumblers, here represented as all, arc provided with a segmental flange, a b'c d, as seen in figs. 6 and 7, the said flanges corresponding to the recesses a b c' d between the guards on the bolt, (see g. 4,) and so as to he raised freely in the said spaces.

Cue or more of the flanges, here represented as all, are constructed with two slips, f and a, in width equal to 0r slightly greater than the thickness of the guards 'on the latch-bolt.

The several tuinblers', and bolts are placed in the lock, as seen in tig.,1, the tumblers all lying in position rela-tively to each other, as seen in fig. 7.

'The recesses in the flange of theturnblers are constructed for operation of the principal key, -as seen in iig. 2, and for the master-key, seen in lig. 3.

Suppose, then, that the bolt is to be thrown by the principal key, as seen in tig. 2, this, placed in the lock and turned, will raise the tnmblers, respectively, on the bits 5 6 7 8, into the position seen in iig. 8, which throws the slips In into line, as seen in fig. 8, and thesc into such posit-ion that the guards on the holt willpass freely through the said slips n, and lock the bolt in the usual manner.

lf the bit and key be differently constructed, then the slips a must be cut accordingly. Hence, it will be seen, that simply changing one of the slips in a slight degree would prevent the same key from operating the bolt, therefore a great variety of keys may be made, by simply changing one or more of the slips n.

For the operation ot' the master-key, the tumblers are arranged so that the bit of the master-key will, in like manner, raise the tumbler until the other slipsf are in line, as in fig. 9, and those slips are made the same in all the locks.

While it is preferable to make two slips in all the tumblers, so that the master-key may have its own independent operation, yet, it will be readily seen that if one tumbler be provided with two slips, the master-key maybe constructed to operate the other tumbler the same as the principal key, and the other tumbler through the second slip, but this will limit the extent ofyariation, inasmuch asall the single slips must be the same for all locks.

I have represented the master-key as a plain bit, -all the lifts being the same, but it will be readily seen that this may be changed into a more complicated form, the tumbers being constructed accordingly.

While I believe the construction and arrangement of the anges with the tumble-rs and guards upon the bolt to be the vbest arrangement, other arrangement for the same may be adapted, whereby two different actions may be given to the same tumbler or tumblers.

I claim as my invention- The arrangement and construction of the tumblers and lock-bolt, so that one or more tumblers are provided with two dierent and independent slips, through one of which, by one key, the bolt may be locked or unlocked, and through the other by a. different key, irrespective of which of the said two keys had previ'- ously operated the bolt, substantially in the manner herein set forth.

WM. H. ANDREWS. Witnesses:

A. J..T1BBITs, J. H. SHUMWAY. 

